{"id":1411,"date":"2023-09-07T18:30:19","date_gmt":"2023-09-07T11:30:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.programgaji.com\/blog\/?p=1411"},"modified":"2023-09-07T18:30:19","modified_gmt":"2023-09-07T11:30:19","slug":"human-resource-management","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.programgaji.com\/blog\/human-resource-management\/","title":{"rendered":"Human Resource Management (HRM): Pengertian, Teori, Fungsi"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-size: 16px;\">Human resource management atau yang biasa disingkat HRM adalah salah satu komponen kunci dalam keberhasilan setiap organisasi atau perusahaan.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>Perusahaan harus memiliki HRM yang baik untuk mencapai tujuan jangka panjang. Karena sumber daya manusia adalah aset penting bagi perusahaan.<\/p>\n<p>Pada artikel ini OTP akan membahas tentang apa itu HRM, teori, fungsi dan juga contohnya.<\/p>\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_69_1 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-custom ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/www.programgaji.com\/blog\/human-resource-management\/#Apa_itu_Human_Resource_Management_HRM\" title=\"Apa itu Human Resource Management (HRM)?\">Apa itu Human Resource Management (HRM)?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/www.programgaji.com\/blog\/human-resource-management\/#Pengertian_Human_Resource_Management_Menurut_Para_Ahli\" title=\"Pengertian Human Resource Management Menurut Para Ahli\">Pengertian Human Resource Management Menurut Para Ahli<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/www.programgaji.com\/blog\/human-resource-management\/#1_Michael_Armstrong_dan_Angela_Baron_2002\" title=\"1. Michael Armstrong dan Angela Baron (2002)\">1. Michael Armstrong dan Angela Baron (2002)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/www.programgaji.com\/blog\/human-resource-management\/#2_Gary_Dessler_2015\" title=\"2. Gary Dessler (2015)\">2. Gary Dessler (2015)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/www.programgaji.com\/blog\/human-resource-management\/#3_Michael_Armstrong_2012\" title=\"3. Michael Armstrong (2012)\">3. Michael Armstrong (2012)<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/www.programgaji.com\/blog\/human-resource-management\/#Teori_Human_Resource_Management\" title=\"Teori Human Resource Management\">Teori Human Resource Management<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/www.programgaji.com\/blog\/human-resource-management\/#1_Frederick_Herzbergs_Motivation-Hygiene_Theory\" title=\"1. Frederick Herzberg\u2019s Motivation-Hygiene Theory\">1. Frederick Herzberg\u2019s Motivation-Hygiene Theory<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/www.programgaji.com\/blog\/human-resource-management\/#2_Adams_Equity_Theory\" title=\"2. Adams&#8217; Equity Theory\">2. Adams&#8217; Equity Theory<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/www.programgaji.com\/blog\/human-resource-management\/#Fungsi_HRM\" title=\"Fungsi HRM\">Fungsi HRM<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Apa_itu_Human_Resource_Management_HRM\"><\/span>Apa itu Human Resource Management (HRM)?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Human resource management atau HRM adalah pendekatan atau praktik manajemen yang berfokus pada aspek tenaga kerja. Seperti perekrutan, seleksi, pelatihan, pengembangan, manajemen kinerja, kompensasi, dan manajemen konflik.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Pengertian_Human_Resource_Management_Menurut_Para_Ahli\"><\/span>Pengertian Human Resource Management Menurut Para Ahli<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Nah untuk memperdalam pengetahuan kita tentang apa itu HRM, silahkan simak pengertian human resource management menurut para ahli berikut ini.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_Michael_Armstrong_dan_Angela_Baron_2002\"><\/span>1. Michael Armstrong dan Angela Baron (2002)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Menurut <a href=\"https:\/\/www.google.co.id\/books\/edition\/Strategic_HRM\/zXG_lJ8BrMwC?hl=id&amp;gbpv=1&amp;dq=hrm&amp;pg=PA42&amp;printsec=frontcover\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Armstrong dan Baron (2002)<\/a>\u00a0HRM <span style=\"font-size: 16px;\">adalah suatu pendekatan yang strategis dan terkoordinasi dalam mengelola individu dan kelompok yang bekerja dalam suatu perusahaan atau organisasi, yang berperan dalam mencapai sasaran perusahaan secara individu maupun bersama-sama.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_Gary_Dessler_2015\"><\/span>2. Gary Dessler (2015)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Menurut <a href=\"https:\/\/www.google.co.id\/books\/edition\/Human_Resource_Management\/OJfLoAEACAAJ?hl=id\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Gary Dessler (2015)<\/a> <span style=\"font-size: 16px;\">HRM adalah manajemen fungsi-fungsi yang berhubungan dengan rekrutmen, seleksi, pelatihan, pengembangan, kompensasi, dan manajemen kinerja.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3_Michael_Armstrong_2012\"><\/span><b>3. Michael Armstrong (2012)<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Menurut <a href=\"https:\/\/www.google.co.id\/books\/edition\/Armstrong_s_Handbook_of_Human_Resource_M\/kxa_qKxclqoC?hl=id&amp;gbpv=1&amp;dq=Human+Resource+Management+Michael+Armstrong+(2012)&amp;printsec=frontcover\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Amrstrong (2012)<\/a> h<span style=\"font-size: 16px;\">uman resource management adalah manajemen berdasarkan fakta-fakta yang memungkinkan organisasi mengatasi berbagai masalah yang berkaitan dengan sumber daya manusia.<\/span><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_1413\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-1413\" style=\"width: 1000px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1413 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/www.programgaji.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/proses-Human-resource-management.jpg\" alt=\"Human resource management\" width=\"1000\" height=\"482\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.programgaji.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/proses-Human-resource-management.jpg 1000w, https:\/\/www.programgaji.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/proses-Human-resource-management-300x145.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.programgaji.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/proses-Human-resource-management-768x370.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-1413\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sumber: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.whatishumanresource.com\/human-resource-management\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">whatishumanresource.com<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Teori_Human_Resource_Management\"><\/span>Teori Human Resource Management<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Seperti dikutip dari laman <a href=\"https:\/\/www.studocu.com\/row\/document\/jomo-kenyatta-university-of-agriculture-and-technology\/human-resource-management\/five-theories-in-human-resource-management\/4779831\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Studocu<\/a> <span style=\"font-size: 16px;\">ada beberapa teori HRM, berikut diantaranya:<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_Frederick_Herzbergs_Motivation-Hygiene_Theory\"><\/span>1. Frederick Herzberg\u2019s Motivation-Hygiene Theory<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Teori motivasi-higienis Herzberg mengemukakan bahwa untuk mencapai tingkat kepuasan kerja yang tinggi, perlu ada faktor-faktor motivasi yang memadai dalam pekerjaan, sementara faktor-faktor higien harus dikelola dengan baik untuk menghindari ketidakpuasan. Dengan memahami dan memenuhi kebutuhan karyawan terkait faktor-faktor ini, organisasi dapat meningkatkan motivasi dan kepuasan kerja mereka.<\/p>\n<div class=\"dcf-overflow-x-auto\" tabindex=\"0\">\n<table class=\"dcf-table dcf-table-bordered\">\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th scope=\"col\">Faktor Motivasi (Faktor yang Mendorong Kepuasan)<\/th>\n<th scope=\"col\">Faktor Higien (Faktor yang Mencegah Ketidakpuasan)<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td data-label=\"Faktor Motivasi (Faktor yang Mendorong Kepuasan)\">Prestasi<\/td>\n<td data-label=\"Faktor Higien (Faktor yang Mencegah Ketidakpuasan)\">Kondisi kerja<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td data-label=\"Faktor Motivasi (Faktor yang Mendorong Kepuasan)\">Pengakuan<\/td>\n<td data-label=\"Faktor Higien (Faktor yang Mencegah Ketidakpuasan)\">Kualitas pengawasan<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td data-label=\"Faktor Motivasi (Faktor yang Mendorong Kepuasan)\">Tanggung jawab<\/td>\n<td data-label=\"Faktor Higien (Faktor yang Mencegah Ketidakpuasan)\">Kebijakan perusahaan<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td data-label=\"Faktor Motivasi (Faktor yang Mendorong Kepuasan)\">Pekerjaan yang menarik<\/td>\n<td data-label=\"Faktor Higien (Faktor yang Mencegah Ketidakpuasan)\">Gaji<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td data-label=\"Faktor Motivasi (Faktor yang Mendorong Kepuasan)\">Kemajuan<\/td>\n<td data-label=\"Faktor Higien (Faktor yang Mencegah Ketidakpuasan)\">Kualitas hubungan kerja<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td data-label=\"Faktor Motivasi (Faktor yang Mendorong Kepuasan)\">Pertumbuhan profesional<\/td>\n<td data-label=\"Faktor Higien (Faktor yang Mencegah Ketidakpuasan)\">Keamanan kerja<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_Adams_Equity_Theory\"><\/span>2. Adams&#8217; Equity Theory<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Teori Kesetaraan Adams (Adams&#8217; Equity Theory) adalah konsep yang menyatakan bahwa individu menilai keadilan dalam pekerjaan berdasarkan perbandingan antara upaya (input) yang mereka berikan dengan imbalan (output) yang mereka terima.<\/p>\n<p>Jika mereka merasa ada ketidaksetaraan, bisa muncul ketidakpuasan. Dua perbandingan utama adalah internal (dengan diri sendiri) dan eksternal (dengan orang lain). Tujuan adalah menjaga keseimbangan antara kontribusi dan penghargaan untuk memelihara motivasi dan kepuasan kerja.<\/p>\n<p>Berikut ini adalah cara untuk menerapkan Adams&#8217; Equity Theory:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Survei karyawan untuk mengukur persepsi mereka tentang keadilan.<\/li>\n<li>Pahami kebutuhan karyawan dalam hal imbalan yang adil.<\/li>\n<li>Identifikasi dan perbaiki ketidaksetaraan yang ada.<\/li>\n<li>Jaga komunikasi terbuka dan transparan dengan karyawan.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Fungsi_HRM\"><\/span>Fungsi HRM<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<ol>\n<li>Perekrutan dan Seleksi<\/li>\n<li>Pelatihan dan Pengembangan<\/li>\n<li>Manajemen Kinerja<\/li>\n<li>Kompensasi dan Manfaat<\/li>\n<li>Manajemen Konflik<\/li>\n<li>Kebijakan dan Kepatuhan<\/li>\n<li>Hubungan Karyawan<\/li>\n<li>Manajemen SDM Internasional<\/li>\n<li>Perencanaan SDM<\/li>\n<li>Pemeliharaan Catatan Karyawan<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Demikianlah pembahasan dari OTP tentang apa itu Human Resource Management beserta teori dan manfaatnya. Semoga artikel ini membantu ya.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Human resource management atau yang biasa disingkat HRM adalah salah satu komponen kunci dalam keberhasilan setiap organisasi atau perusahaan. Perusahaan harus memiliki HRM yang baik untuk mencapai tujuan jangka panjang. Karena sumber daya manusia adalah aset penting bagi perusahaan. Pada artikel ini OTP akan membahas tentang apa itu HRM, teori, fungsi dan juga contohnya. Apa [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":1413,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"pagelayer_contact_templates":[],"_pagelayer_content":"","site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"default","ast-site-content-layout":"","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"default","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"rank_math_focus_keyword":"","rank_math_description":"","rank_math_opengraph_description":"","rank_math_title":"","rank_math_opengraph_title":"","rank_math_opengraph_image":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[40],"tags":[46,76,42,78,132,75,74,105],"class_list":["post-1411","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-hrd","tag-fungsi","tag-hr","tag-hrd","tag-hrm","tag-human-resource-management","tag-human-resources","tag-pengertian","tag-pengertian-menurut-para-ahli"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.programgaji.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1411","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.programgaji.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.programgaji.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.programgaji.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.programgaji.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1411"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.programgaji.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1411\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.programgaji.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1413"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.programgaji.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1411"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.programgaji.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1411"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.programgaji.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1411"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}